配置目标

随着Debian新版发布，重装了系统,也重新整理了vim配置。配置实现以下目标：

• c python 语言的补全、语法检测
• PEP8规范格式化代码
• maarkdown文件预览
• vim常用配置

配置内容

首次使用，准备工作

• 目录结构准备： mkdir ~/.vim cd ~/.vim mkdir plugin autoload colors doc
• 安装必要程序包: sudo apt install python3-pip cmake gcc g++ gdb python3-autopep8 python3-flake8 flake flake8
• 安装vim-plug: git clone https://github.com/junegunn/vim-plug.git ~/.vim/autoload
• vim中安装插件: PlugInstall
• 编译YouCompleteMe: .vim/plugged/YouCompleteMe/ python3 install.py --all

配置完后vim中的自定义快捷键列表

• F2：开关文件树窗口
• F3：切换到下一文件
• F5：一键运行代码
• F6：一键调试代码
• F7: 一键pep8格式化代码
• F8：显示markdown文件 :MarkdownPreview
• F9：关闭markdown文件 :MarkdownPreviewstop
• : 跳转到定义处

使用 vim-plug 插件管理器安装插件: PlugInstall

call plug#begin('~/.vim/plugged') "括号中为插件存放目录"
Plug 'Lokaltog/vim-powerline' "状态栏样式
Plug 'Yggdroot/indentLine' "缩进线
Plug 'scrooloose/nerdtree' "显示目录结构
"Plug 'w0rp/ale' "代码语法检查
Plug 'dense-analysis/ale' "代码语法检查
Plug 'ctrlpvim/ctrlp.vim' "搜索变量插件
Plug 'vim-autoformat/vim-autoformat'
Plug 'ycm-core/YouCompleteMe' "代码补全插件
" markdown插件
Plug 'iamcco/mathjax-support-for-mkdp'
Plug 'iamcco/markdown-preview.nvim', { 'do': { -> mkdp#util#install() }, 'for': ['markdown', 'vim-plug']}
Plug 'godlygeek/tabular'
Plug 'plasticboy/vim-markdown' "markdown语法高亮/折叠/段间跳转/查看目录
"下载配色方案
Plug 'w0ng/vim-hybrid'
Plug 'morhetz/gruvbox'
Plug 'altercation/vim-colors-solarized'
call plug#end()

vim基础功能配置

set go=  "不要图形按钮
set nocompatible "去掉vi一致性
set number	"显示行号
set autowrite " 自动保存文件是
set relativenumber "显示相对行号
set scrolloff=3 "设置距离顶部和底部3行
set fenc=utf-8 "设置文件编码
set encoding=utf-8 
set path +=~/** "设置path位置
set backspace=2 "退格键
set ruler "显示标尺
set nowrap "设置不折行
set cindent "设置c样式缩进
set tabstop=4 "设置table长度
set softtabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set showmatch "显示匹配括号
set laststatus=2 "设置命令行为2行
set ignorecase "忽略大小写
set incsearch "高亮搜索项
set hlsearch
set cursorline "突出显示当前行
set cursorcolumn "突出显示当前列
filetype on "开启文件类型检测
syntax on "开启语法高亮
set autochdir  "改变工作目录为文件目录
au BufRead,BufNewFile *.py,*.pyw,*.c,*.h match Error /\s\+$/ " 标示多余空白字符
" 为图形与终端模式分别设置配色方案与字体
if has('gui_running')
	set background=dark
	set guifont=Andale\ Mono\ 11
	colorscheme gruvbox
	"zenburn
	"colorscheme monokai
	"colorscheme solarized
	"colorscheme distinguished
else 
	set background=dark
	"colorscheme zenburn
	"colorscheme monokai
	colorscheme hybrid
endif

插件参数配置

" Autoformat自动格式化插件设置
nnoremap <F7> : Autoformat<CR>
let g:autoformat_autoindent = 0
let g:autoformat_retab = 0
let g:autoformat_remove_trailing_spaces = 0

" CtrlIP插件设置
let g:ctrlp_map = '<c-p>'
let g:ctrlp_cmd = 'CtrlP'

"markdown打开/关闭预览
let g:mkdp_auto_start = 1
let g:mkdp_auto_close = 1
let g:mkdp_refresh_slow = 0
let g:mkdp_command_for_global = 0
let g:mkdp_open_to_the_world = 0
let g:mkdp_open_ip = ''
let g:mkdp_browser = ''
let g:mkdp_echo_preview_url = 0
let g:mkdp_browserfunc = ''
let g:mkdp_preview_options = {
    \ 'mkit': {},
    \ 'katex': {},
    \ 'uml': {},
    \ 'maid': {},
    \ 'disable_sync_scroll': 0,
    \ 'sync_scroll_type': 'middle',
    \ 'hide_yaml_meta': 1,
    \ 'sequence_diagrams': {},
    \ 'flowchart_diagrams': {},
    \ 'content_editable': v:false,
    \ 'disable_filename': 0,
    \ 'toc': {}
    \ }
let g:mkdp_port = ''
let g:mkdp_page_title = '「${name}」'
let g:mkdp_filetypes = ['markdown']
let g:mkdp_theme = 'dark'
let g:mkdp_combine_preview = 0
let g:mkdp_combine_preview_auto_refresh = 1
" Markdown预览开启/关闭
nmap <F8> <Plug>MarkdownPreview
nmap <F9> <Plug>MarkdownPreviewStop

" Ycm插件设置
autocmd InsertLeave * if pumvisible() == 0|pclose|endif "离开插入模式自动关闭预览窗口
let python_highlight_all = 1 " python语法高亮
let g:ycm_autoclose_preview_window_after_insertion = 1 "自动关闭预览窗口
let g:ycm_seed_identifiers_with_syntax = 1 "语法关键字补全
let g:ycm_enable_semantic_completion = 1 " 启用语义补全
let g:ycm_enable_syntax_check = 0 
let g:ycm_show_diagnostics_ui = 0" 禁用语法检查,使用ale插件实时检查
nnoremap <C-G> : YcmCompleter GoToDefinitionElseDeclaration<CR> " 中转到定义处
let g:ycm_enable_diagnostic_highlighting = 1 " 启用错误提示
let g:ycm_error_symbol_color = 'FF0000' " 设置错误提示颜色
let g:ycm_warning_symbol_color = '00FFFF' " 设置警告提示颜色

" powerline控件配置
let g:Powerline_symbols = 'unicode'
"
" Nerddtree插件配置
"F2开启关闭树
map <F2> :NERDTreeToggle<CR> 
let NERDTreeChDirMode=1
let NERDTreeShowBookmarks=1 "显示书签
let NERDTreeIgnore=['\~#39;,'\.pyc#39;,'\.swp#39;] "设置忽略文件类型
let NERDTreeWinSize=25 "窗口大小

" 缩进指示线
let g:indentLine_char='|'
let g:indentLine_enabled=1

功能函数配置

"========================================================================
"切换到下一个打开的文件
"========================================================================
map <F3> : call NextFile() <CR>
func NextFile()
	exec "w"
	exec "bn"
endfunc

"========================================================================
" 定义切换窗口键
"========================================================================
nnoremap <C-J> <C-W><C-J>
nnoremap <C-K> <C-W><C-K>
nnoremap <C-L> <C-W><C-L>
nnoremap <C-H> <C-W><C-H>

"========================================================================
" 空格代码折叠
"========================================================================
set foldenable "允许折叠
set foldcolumn=0
set foldmethod=indent
set foldlevel=99
nnoremap <space> za

"========================================================================
" 功能配置: 创建文件时自动文件头格式 
"========================================================================
autocmd BufNewFile *.c,*.py,*.txt exec ":call SetTitle()"  
func SetTitle()  
	call append(2, "#==================================================================")  
	call append(3, "# FileName: ".expand("%:t"))
	call append(4, "# Author  : user")
	call append(5, "# E-Mail  : username@server.com ")
	call append(6, "# Date    : ".strftime("%Y-%m-%d"))
	call append(7, "# Description:")
	call append(8, "#==================================================================")  
	call append(9, "")  
endfunc  

"========================================================================
" 配置F5功能键函数：运行代码
"========================================================================
map <F5> : call CompileRunGcc() <CR>
func CompileRunGcc()
	exec "w"
	if &filetype == 'c'
		exec "!gcc % -o %<"
		exec "!time ./%<"
	elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
		exec "!g++ % -o %<"
		exec "!time ./%<"
	elseif &filetype == 'python'
		exec "!time python3 %"
	endif
endfunc

"========================================================================
" 配置F6功能键函数：调试代码
"========================================================================
map <F6> : call CompileRunGdb() <CR>
func CompileRunGdb()
	exec "w"
	if &filetype == 'c'
		exec "!gdb % -o %<"
		exec "!time./%<"
	elseif &filetype == 'cpp'
		exec "!gdb % -o %<"
		exec "!time ./%<"
	elseif &filetype == 'python'
		exec "!time python3 -m pdb %"
	endif
endfunc

"========================================================================
" 配置fcitx自定义函数:进入命令模式时切换为En模式，进入编辑模式时自动切换为之前zn or En模式
"========================================================================
let g:input_toggle = 0
function! Fcitx2en()
	let s:input_status = system("fcitx5-remote")
	if s:input_status == 2
		let g:input_toggle = 1
		let l:a = system("fcitx5-remote -c")
	endif
endfunction
function! Fcitx2zh()
	let s:input_status = system("fcitx5-remote")
	if s:input_status != 2 && g:input_toggle == 1
		let l:a = system("fcitx5-remote -o")
		let g:input_toggle = 0
	endif
endfunction
set timeoutlen=150
autocmd InsertLeave * call Fcitx2en()
autocmd InsertEnter * call Fcitx2zh()

几点说明

• 以上内容放下vimrc文件中按步骤操作即可完成vim的配置，达成配置目标。
• 在使用vim-plug插件下载vim相关插件时，虽然已经尽量精简用到的插件，但由于github网络访问不稳定，经常会出现错误，建议换时间段，多试几次应可成功。

最后祝玩得开心。